The Role of Civil Society in Democracy - 2277 Words

The Role of Civil Society in Democracy Keith Sanders July 20, 2013 CIV 410 Victoria Labs As one looks at the history of democracy, it is common to detect an undertone, a rush of voices clamoring for purchase in the debate regarding how the country will be governed. It is my belief that this undertone is the footprint of civil society, a segment of democratic societies that often can be difficult to identify. Much has been said about how difficult civil society is to define. However, as I read the various definitions and came to my own conclusion, it seemed to me that we should look at civil society as the vital foundation on which democracy is built. There are definitely challenges and civil society is not perfect, but democracy itself is†¦show more content†¦I believe that Brian O’Connell elucidates an important pre-condition for the strong civil society that developed in this country when it was simply a part of the British Empire (O’Connell, 1999). When British settlers first came to North America, it was a largely untamed wilderness, and to som e degree the first settlers were entirely on their own, since many of them were religious dissidents, seeking a place to practice the faith they deemed to be correct. The colonies that were set up by the British largely came once they were made aware of the natural bounty that existed in North America. The first settlers’ isolation and the subsequent isolation that even the official British colonies experienced forced people to organize and to create associations; institutions such as churches, granges, unions, public services such as fire companies, sheriff’s offices, and militias (O’Connell, 1999). These institutions began to represent the American experience, as our means of socialization and support. Therefore, as I see it, civil society came first and in truth created the framework upon which our founding fathers laid our representative democracy. The groups and institutions that were created during the settling of North America gave America the confidence to legally declare its separation from Great Britain. As I see it, the successfulShow MoreRelatedCompetitive Authoritarianism And Political Authoritarianism869 Words   |  4 Pages1. competitive authoritarianism competitive authoritarianism Levitsky and Way describe, a competitive authoritarianism is, in essence, a democracy but it lacks proportional representation and most of the elections and government institutions are predisposed to only the elites. Juan Linz describes this as a diminished form of authoritarianism. In competitive authoritarianism regimes, elections are normally rigged, power figures regularly misuse state resources while oppressed are denied simple libertiesRead MoreCivil Society : A Necessary Condition For Democratization1136 Words   |  5 PagesDespite its role as a necessary condition for democratization, civil society only constitutes one half of the dichotomy of sociopolitical development; social capital represents the second half. The level of social capital, which occupies the role of currency used to invest in civil society, determines the efficacy and nature of civil society in a new democracy. In order to successfully transition to a democracy, three necessary conditions must be met: the first condition of democracy today is thatRead MoreCivil Society in South Africa Essay1562 Words   |  7 PagesThis literature review will focus on civil society and its relation to the state in South Africa. The first section will briefly summarize the emergence of civil society in South Africa. The next section will discuss transformations that occurred in civil society during South Africa’s transitional period from the Apartheid regime toward democracy in 1994. The third section will discuss some of the successes of civil society during and after the transitional period followed by the fourth sectionRead MoreDemocratic And Democratic Political Systems Essay1740 Words   |  7 PagesDemocratic Political Systems Democracy is typically known as a type of government that is ruled by the people. Active public participation in political matters, free and fair elections, equality, and protection of basic human rights are at the core of democratic political systems. Individual citizens, organized groups and institutions, elected officials and governmental bureaucracies all contribute to the democratic nature of these political systems, but the main power resides with the people.Read MoreThe Civil Society : A Community With Common Interested And Collective Activities1407 Words   |  6 PagesCivil Society Civil society nothing but the community with common interested and collective activities within society, though it was colonial concept and practice to introduce us that is common belief, faith and practice by the society whom so far it has common interest or collective activities to sustain their belief and pride so for, thought it has not functioned in isolation from the state apparatus and institution. The state needs to be recognized for its role as a guarantor of define ruleRead MoreDemocracy in the 20th Centuries Essay1446 Words   |  6 PagesIs democracy possible? Modern democracies have continually developed throughout the 20th century. These democracies have culminated from revolutions,wars, and even economic development. As democracies continue to grow democracy promotion has been a key issue for world governments, especially the United State of America. History has shown that building democracy is a very strenuous and a difficult task to accomplish. With the inception of government, democracy has been a seemingly difficult conceptRead MoreThe Role Of Organizations In Organizations1487 Words   |  6 Pagesturned out to be so moveable and hungry in terms of finance, that even small financial injections began to yield the expected results. For example, as it mentioned above a civil society support program was developed, funded by USAID. The program was aimed at strengthening civil society through the support of local civil society institutions and initiative communities in Central Asia. The Council for International Research and Exchanges ( IREX), which carried out the program in Uzbekistan during 2005Read MoreNigeria And Keny Corruption Essay1546 Words   |  7 Pagesthe lack of democracy. In Nigeria, corruption stems from the problem with oil, it leads to political violence, repression and unchecked government power. In Kenya, corruption arises from economic interests, causing political instability and hindering development. In addition to that, both experience electoral corruption. Conversely, civil societies active participation in the government propels each country towards a â€Å"thicker† democracy. Even though Nigeria and Kenya are thin democracies, their highRead MoreRousseaus Concept of Democracy Essay995 Words   |  4 PagesRousseau describes democracy as a form of government that â€Å"has never existed and never will† ; yet twenty-six countries in the world are considered to be full democracies. How can this be possible? Rousseau’s concept of democracy supports the most fundamenta l and basic premise of democracy – one in which all citizens directly participate. While his idea of democracy cannot be considered an effective indictment of what passes for democracy today, it is not Rousseau’s account which is flawed but thatRead MoreSocial Capital : An Organization And The Power Of Action Of Individuals With Common Goals1472 Words   |  6 PagesSocial Capital Social capital is a set of relationship rules between the parties that make up a society. These rules define the participation, the organization and the power of action of individuals with common goals. Although the concept of Social Capital is not new, it became known only from the work of Robert Putnam, published in 1993: Making Democracy Work: Civic Tradition in Modern Italy. Initially the concept had been defined as a set of social relations marked by goodwill and friendliness

Othello and the Seven Deadly Sins - 1743 Words

It is the basic crux of Christianity: Man is born a sinner. Throughout history, the nature of sin has seen many different faces and has changed to fit many different social expectations. As Bartleby the angel laments in the movie Dogma, â€Å"I remember when eating meat on Friday was supposed to be a Hell-worthy trespass.† His friend Loki counters with the observation that, â€Å"The major sins never change.† Although the list of the Seven Deadly Sins is never mentioned in the Bible, the concept has existed since before the Middle Ages. Anger, envy, gluttony, greed, lust, pride, and sloth are present throughout human civilization even when they are not named as such or displayed as a set of seven. William Shakespeare’s tragedy Othello is a literary†¦show more content†¦Seeing as she did all of this without her father’s knowledge shows that she still to immature to face her father with what she wants, so she did what she wanted to do out of what sh e saw as love but others see as an act of rebellion and lust. Michael Cassio is a lustful, prideful, and slothful character. While Cassio does have a â€Å"relationship† with the well known whore of the town, Bianca, Iago was able to arouse Cassio’s lust for Desdemona by describing her sexual aura. (Act II, Scene III, 14-25): â€Å"IAGO: Not this hour, lieutenant; tis not yet ten o the clock. Our general cast us thus early for the love of his Desdemona; who let us not therefore blame: he hath not yet made wanton the night with her; and she is sport for Jove. CASSIO: Shes a most exquisite lady. IAGO: And, Ill warrant her, fun of game. CASSIO: Indeed, shes a most fresh and delicate creature. IAGO: What an eye she has! methinks it sounds a parley of provocation. CASSIO: An inviting eye; and yet methinks right modest. IAGO: And when she speaks, is it not an alarum to love? CASSIO: She is indeed perfection.† Cassio was known to have pride in his almost perfect r eputation, but when his drunken brawl enables his release from his position in (Act II, Scene III, 250-253) you see exactly how prideful and dramatic he is. â€Å"Reputation, reputation, reputation! O, I have lost my reputation! I haveShow MoreRelatedThe Seven Deadly Sins Of Othello1086 Words   |  5 PagesThe Seven Deadly Sins of Othello Throughout church history, the Seven Deadly Sins, or Seven Mortal Sins as they are also known, have been seen as those that threaten everlasting life. In early times, a list was help for the people who could not read (Douglas). One cannot help but to see these sins throughout the drama of Othello. Christians in the past used the seven deadly sins to instruct on how to live a holy life and to show how easily we are inclined to a sin nature. Shakespeare incorporatesRead More Religious Themes of the Sixteenth Century: The Seven Deadly Sins, Death, and Damnation2997 Words   |  12 PagesCentury: The Seven Deadly Sins, Death, and Damnation Religion in the Sixteenth Century was a major point of contention, especially for Elizabethans. In the midst of the Reformation, England was home to supporters of two major religious doctrines, including the Catholics and the Puritans. Three dominant themes that came out of this debate were sin, death and damnation. Important elements of Christian religions, these themes were often explored in the form of the seven deadly sins and the consequentialRead MoreEssay on Pride and the Tragic Hero in Oedipus Rex and Othello1217 Words   |  5 Pagesthe Tragic Hero in Oedipus Rex and Othello   Ã‚  Ã‚   Pride is one of the seven deadly sins. Most proud people will never consider themselves to be truly proud until they come face to face with the consequences of their pride. Sophocles and Shakespeare both address this dilemma in their plays Oedipus Rex and Othello. Through their nobility, their tragic flaws, the fall these flaws cause, and the suffering and wisdom they derive from these falls, Oedipus and Othello reveal the true character of the tragicRead MoreHuman Nature And Evil Nature1227 Words   |  5 Pagesbetray God, resulting in both her and Adam’s banishment from Heaven. Satan’s transformation has not only elucidated the contrast between good and evil but also created an irreversible suffering for his victims. Humans are now vulnerable to the seven deadly sins, and will inevitably continue to suffer the consequences. His plan progresses through a variety of steps including repression, oppression, and destruction. Satan will take advantage of Man’s vulnerability and possess every aspect of his spiritRead MoreCharacter Analysis Of Iago In William Shakespeares Othello705 Words   |  3 PagesKarla Morales GRASP 10/23/17 Iago is the most interesting character in Othello, by William Shakespeare. With his carefully thought out plans, he is able to manipulate others to do things in a way that helps him and moves him closer towards what in his mind is revenge against Othello. He is the main antagonist in this play, pushing Othello and everyone else towards their end. Iago manages to commit all seven deadly sins. He constantly uses his good reputation for dishonorable purposes. His talentRead MoreEssay about Destructive Jealousy in Iago and Othello1006 Words   |  5 Pagescharacters Othello and Iago to convey this message. Following the recent study of Shakespeare’s play â€Å"Othello†, we found a lot of information about the play and the theme jealousy. Shakespeare wrote tragedies, comedies and histories, all were in five acts of poetry. My definition of jealousy is where someone has something or is able to do something that another person can do. They are jealous because the other people are able to and have the things they want but can’t get. The play ‘Othello’ is inRead MoreThe Tragedy Of Oedipus Rex And Shakespeare s Othello And Oedipus 2344 Words   |  10 Pagesis a narrative poem or story that describes the downfall of a good man. Both Othello and King Oedipus Rex Fall into this class of literature, even though they were written by two totally different authors and in two utterly different time periods. These two works share several comparisons to every different, while having an honest quantity of variations similarly. Pride is characterized as one of the seven deadliest sins. Most pleased individuals will never see themselves as to be genuinely glad untilRead MoreEssay on Racism and Interracial Marriage in Othello3666 Words   |  15 PagesRacism and Interracial Marriage in Othello Othello: The Moor of Venice is probably Shakespeares most controversial play. Throughout this work, there is a clear theme of racism, a racism that has become commonplace in Venetian society which rejects the marriage of Othello and Desdemona as anathema. The text expresses racism throughout the play within the language transaction of the dialogue to question the societal ethos established by Othello, thereby making him nothing less than a culturalRead MoreElizabethan Era11072 Words   |  45 Pagesforms of romance, and directly imitated many of them, the ethical disquisitions which he grafted on his scheme were in Lylys vein and proved his discipleship to Lyly. The Arcadia was not published till 1590, but it was freely circulated in manuscript seven or eight years previously, and its variety of topic, its wealth of adventurous episode, its poetic interludes, and its ludicrous situations, quickly rendered it, despite its length and frequent incoherence, a formidable rival to Lylys e arlier achievement

Passion for Curiosity free essay sample

It is the alphabet that draws me here. The alphabet. It is how the letters’ curves whip and fuse to form a solitary laced line. It is how the line intricately weaves my irises and traces them through a zipping, threaded labyrinth past the meandering depths of a cryptic curiosity. â€Å"In order for you to enter you’ll need to wear this,† a man at the door says to my mother at the front entrance of The Islamic Center of Washington, at the heart of DC’s Embassy Row. â€Å"No, thanks,† she declines, smiling politely at the folded hijab in his hands. â€Å"I will come back to pick you up,† she promises me. I could see her nervousness in her lips. My esophagus quickly swells, ears prickling upward, eyes honing across the outline of the majestic structure before me. â€Å"Please enter with your right foot first,† the doorman requests, snapping my attention downward. We will write a custom essay sample on Passion for Curiosity or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page I frantically switch legs and thrust my foot forward. The instant my right leg thumped against the tiled courtyard, I quickly realize how little I know about the place I have just walked myself into. Then letters. Dancing letters, whisping like threaded embroideries, found carefully etched across the finely polished stone walls, ruminating around the facades of the inner courtyard. Arches and pillars echo unfathomable thoughts gracefully above my head, their silent wisdom murmuring a passion inside me. I strictly imitate his footwork, fearful to take another wrong step. I notice worshipers entering and exiting the prayer room, then quickly panic upon realizing I am wearing shorts while the others wear long pants. I fretfully observe other passers-by for some indication this is not a cultural offense. â€Å"Follow me down these stairs,† the doorman instructs me. I quickly oblige, again careful not to take a wrong step. At the bottom of the stairs is a crammed room with an array of seats, grouped mostly across two separate hemispheres of the room. The two seating portions are cut by an aisle, at either side of which the aisle’s ends span the front entrance to a looming chalkboard parallel to the entrance, hosting a loom of woven letters across its surface. Toward the front, right -hand portion of the room, a group of teenage boys, probably my age, are seated and scattered in a small clump toward the front of the room. I reflexively sit toward the back, left hand corner of the seating area, away from the strangers seated up front. It is inevitable. I do something wrong: â€Å"You don’t sit on the left, that is where the girls sit,† He tells me, the other boys holding back their amusement. â€Å"I’m sorry,† I apologize, desperately estimating how to best avoid more cultural wrongdoings. â€Å"You didn’t know,† he says, forgivingly. â€Å"It’s fine.† The letters, partially clouded across the dusty chalk board, radiate a mysterious brilliance from its powdery surface. Their peculiar appearance sifts into my thoughts, ebbing to the corners of my skull. Doubts transform into certainties; fears morph into questions; cultural confusion evolves into creative, curious comfort. I am enthralled at the sight of my new Arabic teacher, standing at the entrance to a classroom at my high school. The teacher, scarfless, smiles at each of us individually as we enter the room. â€Å"Ahlan was ahlan† she greets, in crisp, clear consonants rounded with deep, smooth vowels. Its sound lingers lightly in my head, latching its richness to the beauty of the letters. I look for a seat, and almost hesitate to determine which side is left and which is right, only to notice there is no seating pattern. â€Å"Jelooz, lo samaat.† Now slowly, now gradually, the words once again slowly transgress into a newly unfathomable richness, remaining more sensed than reasoned, now on the cusp of transcending from its peripheral mystery into something more tangible. Fear can be a powerful deterrent from profound understanding, though just as easily is the catalyst for materializing apprehension into a passionate curiosity.

Three Point Estimation for Literature Review-MyAssignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theThree Point Estimation for Literature Review. Answer: Introduction The three point estimation is regarded as one of the most widely used tool that is used in the application of the information system. The current study focuses on existing literature that helps to explain the use of the three point estimation along with the advantages of using this tool. The limitations of the three point system are also mentioned that can also be regarded as the major drawbacks that exist in the current literature. Suggestions in order to improve the implication of the three point estimation are also mentioned. The Explanation of the Three point Estimating According to Malekpouret al. (2013), the three point estimation can be defined as a technique that is used in information system and Management that helps in approximation of probability distribution and also helps to predict the future outcome of an event using the Limited information that is available. The distribution system that is used is not always defined as the normal way of distribution as there are other modes of distribution including triangular distribution that might help depending on the application of variables. There are mainly Three Types of figures in point system distribution that are initially used in every type of distribution. These include the following: The best case of estimate= a The most likely estimate=m The worst case of estimate=b All these variables are used later of deal with the consequence of the full distribution system. These systems are later combined with the help of mean standard deviation and percentage points in order to get the overall summary of three point systems. The current section focuses on the literature review part of 3 point system that includes the advantage limitations and also suggestions for further improvement. The Advantage of the Three point Estimating In the modern days of business management the three point estimation is one of the most essential components that help the project manager to have a better sense of estimation. According to Li et al. (2016), it is important for the project manager to have well exposure of the techniques related to program evaluation and review, which are the main components of 3 point system. Asparouhov and Muthn (2014), have added in the context that three point system is an important part of project management that helps to decompose the project work and also have a list of variables that would be the estimated task of the overall project. The E value (E= a+4m+b)/6 can be estimated with the help of the estimation of the three point system. The E value in turn can help in estimation of the future that is done using the data system. As mentioned in the research work of Diggle (2013), it is important to note that the estimation of the working values can be schedule with the help of the parameters given in 3 point estimation. Li et al. (2016), have agreed to the fact that the three point estimation is one of the best technique that a project management system can develop in order to have a perfect developing system for the future. It is also important to mention in this context that all management system must take the initiatives to incorporate ideas of three point systems among the team members that help them to better understand the importance of the future potential of a project management system. it is also possible to understand the positive factor and the negative risk that are associated with the application of the three point system. The Limitations of the Three Point Estimating In spite of the advantage of three point estimation, Malekpouret al. (2013) have highlighted upon the few drawbacks and limitations of this system. As this type of system is generally involved with high level of data management and also needs to have higher level of accuracy, in most of the occasions it may not be possible to predict the needs of the future. There are also the risks of danger that are involved with the process of overestimation of the future work with the help of the management system. Freeman et al. (2014), have also mentioned that in order to apply the tools and measurement techniques of the three point estimation, it is important to have better and accurate mode of analysis that can be time consuming is there are multiple variables related to this estimation. The process of collecting the detailed information can be annoying for the team management and project managers which can be motivate them to provide better working capability. There is also no specific definition related to optimism and Pessimistic variables that can be inconsistent in arbitrary values. it also requires extremely high level of expertise to deal with the variables related to the three point estimation. It is also important to note in the context that without proper and high levels of accuracy, it is not possible to apply the tools and on the contrary, it can have negative effects on the future predicting system. The inaccurate prediction system of the future can have negative impacts in the overall project management system. According to Borisenkoet al. (2014), there is also the risk of false optimism which is a measure outcome of applying three point estimations. In order to predict the future of a project management it is important to have high accurate data and information which is highly sensitive in the matters. Withdrawn longer rate of time consumption the overall time to finish a project by a project management team can also be delayed due to the time consuming factor related to applying 3 point estimation. Suggestion for Improvement In spite of the limitations the three point estimation is regarded as one of the best techniques used by Project Management team to decide upon the future outcome and also predict the rest that are involved. Hence it is important for all project management teams to have a better expertise in order to make use of the 3 point estimation techniques. The project team should have dedicated members who will have the responsibility to collect accurate data from the past and relevant project works. According to Anandet al. (2013), with the application of single point estimation and giving more accuracy to each of the parameters it is possible to have better outcomes and accuracy in the overall estimation of 3 point system. By breaking the overall three parameters involved in the estimation system into every single point estimations can help to save time and also to have better accurate results about the future prediction. Hence, with better data collection system, it is possible to make best use of the three point estimation system. Reference Anand, A., Koppula, H.S., Joachims, T. and Saxena, A., 2013. Contextually guided semantic labeling and search for three-dimensional point clouds. The International Journal of Robotics Research, 32(1), pp.19-34. Asparouhov, T. and Muthn, B., 2014. Auxiliary variables in mixture modeling: Three-step approaches using M plus. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 21(3), pp.329-341. Borisenko, S., Gibson, Q., Evtushinsky, D., Zabolotnyy, V., Bchner, B. and Cava, R.J., 2014.Experimental realization of a three-dimensional Dirac semimetal.Physical review letters, 113(2), p.027603. Diggle, P.J., 2013. Statistical analysis of spatial and spatio-temporal point patterns.CRC Press. Freeman, S., Eddy, S.L., McDonough, M., Smith, M.K., Okoroafor, N., Jordt, H. and Wenderoth, M.P., 2014. Active learning increases student performance in science, engineering, and mathematics. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 111(23), pp.8410-8415. Li, Y., Snavely, N., Huttenlocher, D.P. and Fua, P., 2016. Worldwide pose estimation using 3d point clouds. In Large-Scale Visual Geo-Localization (pp. 147-163).Springer International Publishing. Malekpour, A.R., Niknam, T., Pahwa, A. and Fard, A.K., 2013. Multi-objective stochastic distribution feeder reconfiguration in systems with wind power generators and fuel cells using the point estimate method. IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 28(2), pp.1483-1492.